Metal detector Robotic Vehicle

Published Dec 17, 2020

Apache-2.0

5 hours to build

Intermediate

arduino

proteus

keil software

Metal detector is a very common device that is used for checking persons, luggage or bags in shopping malls, hotels, cinema halls, etc. to ensure that person is not carrying any metals or illegal things like guns, bombs etc. Metal Detectors detect the presence of metals.

Components Used
L293D Driver L293D Driver	X 1
8051 AT89c51 8051 AT89c51	X 1
433MHz RF Module Tx Rx 433MHz RF Module Tx Rx	X 1
Buzzer 5V Buzzer 5V	X 1
Metal Chasis for a Mini Robot Rover Robotics Kits Anodized Aluminum Metal Chasis for a Mini Robot Rover	X 1
RS232 Cable D-Sub Cables CABLE, HD15M/M DBL SHD 10' (Not for VGA)	X 1
CD74HC147E Encoder Decoder Multiplexer Encoders, Decoders, Multiplexers & Demultiplexers Line Priority Encodr	X 1
Tactile Switches Tactile Switches 12 x 12 mm 12 mm 100 gf Short Crimped Black Through Hole SPST	X 1

Description

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

The following diagram shows the circuit diagram of metal detector

EXPLANATION:

The metal detection robot project can be divided into sections:

1) Transmitter section

2) Receiver section.

TRANSMITTER SECTION:

The transmitter section consists of RF encoder, RF transmitter and Push buttons. RF encoder IC used here is HT12E.It is an 18 pin IC .The 4-bit binary input is applied to the decoder through the AD0, AD1, AD2, AD3 pins. The TE pin enables the transmission when it is low.A0-A7 are the address pins used for secured transmission. These pins are connected to ground in the transmitter circuit. The 4-bit data is transmitted to the RF transmitter parallelly. This is transmitted to the RF receiver serially. Input is given to the encoder through buttons. The RF pair operates with a frequency of 434 kHz.

RECEIVER SECTION:

Receiver section consists of AT89c51 microcontroller, RF decoder, RF receiver, metal detector, buzzer, L293d IC and robot.

The data received is applied to the RF decoder. The RF decoder used here is HT12D. Decoded inputs are connected port 2 of the microcontroller. The four data pins D0-D3 are connected to the Port P2.0 – P2.3.The decoded data is applied to the microcontroller which controls the movement of the robot. The buzzer is connected to the port 3.4 and this rings when any metal is detected in its path.

Metal detector is connected to the pin 3.2 of the microcontroller. Here in place of metal detector a push button is connected. Metal detector plays a main role in the circuit. This will have an oscillator inside it, which produces an alternating current that passes through the coil producing an alternating magnetic field. When any metal is present near the coil this induces magnetic field and thus it can be detected by using another coil which detects the change in the field.

L293d is a motor driving IC .This IC is used to drive the motors.L293d has h-bridge internally.

WORKING:

Initially burn the code into the microcontroller using flash magic.
Now switch on the power supply for the circuit.
Now send the command ‘1’ using the transmitter.
This is transmitted to the receiver.
At the receiver side receiver receives these commands and moves the robot according to the commands.
The following commands moves the robot in the specified directions
- Forward
- Backward
- Left
- Right
While robot is moving if any metal is detected in its path, the robot stops there ringing the buzzer.
Again it starts moving when the commands are sent from the transmitter.

APPLICATIONS:

These robots are used in detecting landmines.

Robots are used for in detecting the minerals present in the ground.
These robots are used for detecting the bombs.
These can be used in construction industry for locating steel bars present in concrete.
They are used in airports and building security to detect the weapons.